Preheat oven to 350 degrees F. Butter a 9 x 13-inch baking pan. Outfit with parchment paper sling, if desired. Set aside.
Add peeled and diced apple to small bowl. Toss with 2 tablespoons all-purpose flour. Set aside.
Add unsalted butter, granulated sugar and light brown sugar to stand mixer. Using paddle attachment, beat on low for 3 minutes, or until light and fluffy.
Add the eggs, one at a time. Beat on low until fully incorporated, after each addition. About 30 seconds.
Add the vanilla bean paste and sour cream. Beat on low until fully incorporated. About 30 seconds.
Add the 470 grams of all-purpose flour, fine sea salt, and baking powder to a large mixing bowl. Whisk to combine.
Remove the stand mixer bowl from the stand mixer. Add 1/2 the flour mixture to the stand mixer bowl. Fold in with large spatula, just until combined. Add 1/2 the milk and fold in, just until incorporated. Repeat the process with the remaining flour and milk.
Add the reserved apple pieces to the cake batter and fold in with a large spatula.
Pour the batter into the prepared pan, and spread evenly into the corners with a spatula.
Sprinkle streusel mixture over the cake batter.
Bake in preheated oven for 45 minutes, or until a toothpick inserted in the center comes out clean.
Remove the baking pan from the oven and place on wire rack to cool.